Roll-over foundry machine



Jan. 12, 1954 c, YOUNG 2,665,462

ROLL-OVER FOUNDRY MACHINE Filed July 19, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 12, 1954 c, YQUNG ROLL-OVER FOUNDRY MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 19, 1949 INVENTOR.

Jan. 12, 1954 L. c. YOUNG ROLL-OVER FOUNDRY MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 19, 1949 INVENTOR. 15m

BY 0- 5M? Wanda 13 4 K Patented Jan. 12, 1954 QFEICE ROLL-OVER FOUNDRY MACHINE Lester C. Young, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Spo, Inc., a corporation of Ohio Application July 19, 1949, Serial No. 105,555

4 Claims.

This invention relates to foundry machines in general, and relates more particularly to jolt roll-over machines.

An object of this invention is to provide a power device adapted to disturb the balance of a jolt rollover machine.

Another object of this invention is to provide power brake means to arrest rotation and swing of a jolt roll-over machine.

A further object of this invention is to provide a remotely controlled pulsation power device to disturb the balance of a roll-over machine, and an automatic brake device to stop rotation and swing of the machine in a predetermined position.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved brake structure.

A still further object of this invention is to provide an improved control system for selective manual or automatic operation of a brake.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide an improved interconnection between a jolt machine and a brake therefor, adapted to transmit braking torque and prevent transmission of vibration.

Other objects and a fuller understanding of the invention ma be had by referring to the following description and claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a type of foundry machine employing the improved principles or this invention;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the right-hand trunnion and brake device of the machine as viewed in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an end view of the right-hand trunnion and brake;

Figure 4 is a broken section along line 4-4 of Figure 2, showing the vibration-resisting device for transmitting braking torque from the brake to the trunnion of the machine;

Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the lefthand trunnion and the power unbalancing de vice;

Figure 6 is a side elevational view of the lefthand trunnion and the power unbalancing device;

Figure 7 is a schematic layout of the power unbalancer and brake devices, with the accompanying fluid lines and controls set to unbalance the machine and thereafter automatically stop rotation and swing of the foundry machine in a predetermined position; H

Figure 8 illustrates the operation of the control system to actuate the automatic brake;

Figure 9 illustrates the operation of the control system to release the brake; and h r Figure 10 illustrates the operation of the control system by manual operation.

With reference to the drawings, Figure lillustrates a type of foundry machine which may be adapted to employ the principles of this invention. In the Figure 1, the reference character It designates a stationary base having a support member II and a support member I2. A work unit It is provided with trunnions I4 and I5 as best illustrated in the Figures 2 and 6, and the trunnions I i and I5 are suitably bearinged to support the work unit I3 upon the support members II and I2.

The work unit I3 may be any suitable foundry machine employed for the purpose of jolting a sand mold to compact the sand about a pattern. In addition to the normal jolting operation, such machines as the work unit I3 are also employed to squeeze the sand mold and, perform .other similar operations. The illustrated work unit I3 is provided with a table it upon which the mold preparation work is carried out.

Some mold preparation operations may be carried out upon stationary floor-mounted jolt machines, but in other instances after the sand has been compacted-upon a suitable pattern, it is necessary to turn the mold upside down. This operation has been carried on for some period of time in ordinary foundry practice, and is nor mally accomplished in a machine similar to that illustrated in the Figure l of the drawings, but lacking the features hereafter to be described.

In foundry practice, a pattern and the sand are placed within a confining flask and jolted to compact the sand by raising the table I6 a short distance and allowing the table with the load thereon to drop against a solid stop member. The work unit I3 has suitable fluid-operated piston and cylinder jolt apparatus to jolt the table It and its load. Also, the work unit I3' has suitable piston and cylinder means to move the table I6 continuously toward two hook arms 2|. Thus, the table I 6 and the hook arms, 2| can grip the mold and hold it against dislodgment from the work unit I 3. H

When the foundry machine illustrated in Figure 1 is not in operation, as illustrated in the Figure 1, the lower portion of the work unit I3 below the table I6 is considerably heavier: than the hook arms 2|, and therefore the centerof gravity is below the trunnions M and I5 and'the work unit I3 will rest in the position illustrated. However, the weight of the work unit I3 and the length of the hook arms 21 is so proportioned that when a sand-filled flask is moved by the table I6 up against the hook arm 2!, the center of gravity of the work unit 13 will shift above the trunnions l4 and I5. Shifting of the center of gravity above the trunnions would be expected to start the work unit [3 rotating, but because the table and load are moved directly upward, the work unit 13 very often will'not'bestarted to rotate upon the support members H and 12 without an external force being applied. That is, the normal friction upon the support memhers I I and I2 is not overcome by the very slight leverage which might be created'by reason of the shifting of the center of gravity above the trunnions l4 and i5.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, a rotation starter 22 is provided to throw the work unit 13 out of its normal balance after the load and table have been moved upwardly, and thereby start the .work ,unit rotating upon the support members -II and I2.

The rotation starter 22 includes a cylinder 23 and a piston 24 pivotallysecured to the support member 12 by means of pivot 28. The piston 24 is provided with a pistonrod 2B, and the end of the trunnion l isprovided with an eccentric 25. The piston rod 26 is connected to the eccentrio 25 and is thereby adapted to give a short rotational impulse to the trunnion i5 when the piston 24 is moved forward in the .cylinder 23. A suitable fluid line 21 is adapted to supply -fluid under pressure to the piston 23, and therefore when the operator desires to start the work unit l3 rotating, fluid is supplied through the line 21 and a short impulse is provided to throw the work unit 13 ofl of its normal stable position and begin a roll-over movement of the work unit l3.

Figure 2 .of the drawing illustrates the preferred embodiment of abrake device of this invention. In the Figure 2, the trunnion I4 is bearinged upon the support member l by means of suitable bearing material 31, and is held in position by the bearing cap 30. Pin 32 is provided to hold the bearing insert and assure relative movement between bearing surfaces, rather than between the bearing material and the cap 30.

Brake body 33 is nonrotatively mounted upon the support member H and held in proper alignment relative to the support member H by means of dowel pins 29. Brake plunger 35 is reciprocably carried by the pilot ring .36 on the brake body 33, but is prevented from rotating by means of plunger guide pins 31 in the pilot ring 36. A diaphragm 38 is securely held over the brake plunger 35 by a diaphragm cover 39. The diaphragm and the diaphragm cover 39 thereby provide an extendable fluid chamber 11. Fluid is introduced into the fluid chamber I! through the fluid line 40, and will force the plunger 35 inwardly.

A brake key 4| is secured to the trunnion l4, and therefore will revolve with the trunnion 14. A brake disc holder 42 is provided with a longitudinal slot 44 substantially as illustrated in the Figure 4 of the drawing, and is positioned by the brake body 33 to extend substantially coaxial with the axis of the trunnion I4. A brake disc 43 secured to the brake disc holder 42 and extends from the holder 42 between. mating surfaces of the brake body 33 and the plunger 35. Brake linings l8 are riveted, or otherwise secured to the surfaces of the brake disc 43. The

linings l8 provide a high coeflicient of friction for eflicient brake action.

The preferred embodiment of the brake device illustrated in Figure 2 has two general working parts, namely, the nonrotative parts which comprise generally the stationary parts 33, 33 and 35 and the rotating parts which comprise generally the trunnion I l, the key =4'l, and thebrake disc holder 42. The nonrotative parts and the rotating parts are adapted to be interconnected by a brake to arrest the rotational movement of the work .unit l3. Further, the rotating parts of the brake device are connected to the work unit 13 for torque'braking transmission, but are provided for shiftable interconnection through ,the key 4| the transmission of jolting shocks from the work ;unit 'f3'to the clamped surfaces of the brake.

and the transfer slot 44 to prevent The stationary, or nonrotative portions of the brake comprise the brake body .33 secured to the support member H, the diaphragm cover 39, and the reciprocable but nonrotative brake plunger .35.

The rotationalportion-of the brake comprises generally the brake disc holder 42 with the brake disc 43 thereof extending between mating surfaces of stationary members '33 and 35. A longitudinal slot 44 in the brake disc holder 42, and a cooperating brake key 4! carried by the trun" nion l4, together provide for torque transmission but prevent vibration transmission. The key 4! and slot 44 are extended vertically when the work unit i3 is .in the position illustrated in 'Figure l in order that the normally vertical vibration will not be transmitted.

In operation, either by manual control or automatic control, after the table it is lifted to squeeze a load against the hook arm 2%, fluid is directed into the rotation starter 22 and a rotational impulse is given to the work unit 13. No more energy need be supplied than a mere impulse, because once thrown ofi of the normally balanced position, the Work unit with the load raised against the hook arms 21 will begin to rotate to place the center of gravity thereof below the trunnion members 14 and 45. Thereafter, the rotation starter 22 is carried along by the work unit l3. Once started to rotate, the work unit I3 may be stopped in any selected position by the brake device.

Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10 illustrate the fluid supply control to the rotation starter 22 and to the brake device. In Figure l of the drawings, distributing valves 59, 5!, 52 and 53 are mounted on the support member H. Distributing valves. 52 and 53 are provided to control the j'olting and squeezing action of the table [6, and therefore have no bearing upon the present invention. The valves 55 and 5|, however, are employed to control the flow of fluid and exhaust from the rotation starter 22 and the brake.

The actual physical construction of the valves 53 and 5! may be of any suitable type having multiple positions of flow through the valve, and the illustrated embodiment employs a four-way valve. That is, the valves are adapted to direct fluid from a supply line 58 into selected lines directed to the machinery, or to exhaust as desired.

In the Figures 7-10, the entire control system is set forth diagrammatically, and the lines charged with operating fluid under pressure being illustrated in heavy dimension, and the lines which are inoperative being illustrated i'n light dimension. In Figure 9, the lines 40, 55 and 51 are being exhausted, and are therefore illustrated in' broken heavy dimension. In Figure 1; the handles of the'distributing valves 50and 5| are in' the lowerposition; 'In that position, fluid-under pressure will be directed from the supply line 58 through the valve 5| and fluid line 27 into the rotation starter 22. As illustrated, fluid under pressure is directed from the supply line 58 through the valve 50 into line 52 leading to a cam operated valve 45, and to a supply line 56 leading to a valve 60 having pressure operated control bellows. The valve 59 is situated in fluid line 55 leading from the valve 5| to the brake line 4|], and therefore may be actuated to open and close line 55. A fluid line 51 leads from the cam operated valve 45 to the fluid line 40 of the brake; A check valve 59 is situated in the line 62 and is adapted to prevent the flow of fluid from the cam operated valve 45 back into the valve 55. Fluid under pressure is not obstructed from flowing from the valve 55 into the valve 45, however. Therefore, as illustrated in the Figure '7, the starter 22 is actuated and will begin operation to give a starting impulse to the work unit l3, but the brake is inoperative.

Referring now to the Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the cam operated valve 45 is illustrated as being stationarily mounted on top of the hearing cap 30. A cam 46 is carried by the work unit I3, and therefore when the cam 45 contacts the plunger of the valve 45, the valve 45 will allow the fluid to pass from the line 59 into the lines 5? and 40 to fill the fluid chamber i! and actuate the plunger 35 to thereby grip the brake disc 43. The cam 46 is illustrated as being a small cam adapted to actuate the valve 45 at one particular time and thereby throw full braking action onto the plunger 35, but it is to be understood that a longer cam track, even to the extent of a completely circular cam track, may be provided around the trunnion 4 to allow fluid under pressure to pass in various controlled amounts to the valve 45 and thereby apply the braking action to any selected degree at any relative position of the work unit L? with respect to the base l5. Or other cams, such, for example, as cam I46 (see Figure 2), may be placed in spaced relationship to provide predetermined positions of braking.

When the cam operated valve 45 is actuated by contact with a cam, the condition of operation is substantially as shown in the Figure 8.

The operator of the machine, after having actuated the valve 5i to give a rotational impulse to the starter 22, will return the handle of the valve 5| to the neutral position illustrated allowing the fluid in line 27 to be exhausted to atmosphere through exhaust port 5 Therefore,

'in the Figure 8 the line 21 appears in small dimensions indicating that the line 27 is inactive after the handle of the valve 5| is returned to a neutral position. Once the valve 45 is actuated by the cam 45 to permit fluid under pressure to pass therethrough into the brake line 4% as illustrated in Figure 8, the fluid fillsthe lines- 5'! and 40 to actuate the brake, and also backs up along the line 55 to the valve 50. However, the valve 56 is adapted to close the line 55 when pressure is exerted upon the valve 53 through the fluid pressure line 55. Therefore, the fluid under pressure cannot escape from the brake through the valve as long as the handle of valve is in the position to allow fluid under pressure to fill the line 56. Consequently, the full force of the fluid under pressure is exerted upon the brake, and the rotational and swinging movement of the work unit I 3 is brought to a halt desiresto release it.

Releaseof the automatic brake is effected by the operator by raisingthe handle of the valve 50 tothe neutral positionas indicated in Figure 9 of the drawing. The neutral position allows all fluid under pressure to escape from the valve 50 and shuts ofi the supply line 58 from the valve 5]. Release of'the fluid pressure from the line 62 will not'permit the'fluid to escape backwards through the line 62 from the valve 45 because of the check valve 59, but when the handle 50 is placed in neutral-position to exhaust the fluid to atmosphere the line 56 is also exhausted to atmospheric pressure-and the valve 60 is then permitted to pass the fluid from the line 40 through the line 55 and out through the valve 5| to the atmosphere. I

The brake may also be operated manually by use of the valve 5| For manual operation, as illustrated in Figure 10, the handle of the valve 5| is actuated upwardly to supply air to the line 55; The valve 50 is allowed to remain on the neutral exhaust position. Thus, the valve 60 is open and will allow/the passage of fluid therethrough and the line 55 will supply fluid under pressure directly to the brake. Since the line 51 is coupled into the line 40 along with the line 55, the fluid, under pressure from the line 55 will attempt to escape through the valve 45 and the valve 50 to atmosphere. The check valve 59 will prevent such an escape of the pressure, however, and hold the fluid to actuate the brake device. After manual operation, the handle of the valve and is heldthereindefinitely until'the operator 5| is merely pushed down to the neutral position as illustrated in Figure 9, and the pressure is released from the brake.

In operation, the mold flask is placed upon the table I6 when the machine is in the position illustrated in Figure 1. The valves 52 and 53 are thereafter operated to successively jolt sand in the flaskuntil it is compacted to the desired degree, and then actuated to force the table It upwardly towards'the hook arm 2| and squeeze and clamp the flask therebetween. As previously explained, such an upward shifting of the table IB and the'load carried thereon will place the center of gravity above the trunnions I4 and I5. The operator momentarily flicks the handle of the valve 5| down as illustrated in Figure '7, and the starter is thereby given an impulse to start rotation of the work "unit I 3 by throwing the work unit l3 out ofbalance as previously described. Then the operator pushes the handle of valve 50 down to place a potential charge on the valve 45; Immediately thereafter the handle of thevalve 5| is placed in the neutral position, and the handle oi the valve 50 is allowed to remain in the down position which places a potential charge upon the brake 40; but the potential charge is held away from the brake by the valve 45.

After the work unit I3 is unbalanced'it will begin to rotate in an attempt to place the center of gravity below the trunnions l4 and I5. Of course, once the rotation has started the natural momentum of the work unit l3 will attemptto carry the hook arm 2| beyond an exact inverted position from that illustrated in the Figure 1. This excessive rotation may be stopped either automatically by the provision of a suitablecam to open the valve 45 at a predetermined position, or may be stopped by manual operation as described in conjunction with the Figure 10.

Furthermore, after the squeeze has been released and the table It pulled up, the center of mass s '2 gravity willagainbe above the trunnions l4 and I5. Once again the starter 22 may be employed to begin the return rotational movement. This returnerotational .movement may then be arrested by actuation of the valve 45 by meansof the cams, or by manually braking, as previously described.

Although the invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred form hasbeen made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a roll-over machine having a base member and a work unit bearinged on said base member for rotational and swinging movement, the provision of power controls for initiating and stopping movement of the work unit comprising, rotation starter means having a fluid operated piston and cylinder and crank arm drivingly interconnecting said base member and work unit, said rotation starter means having a limited power period sufficient only to start rotation of said work unit, whereafter the work unit is released to rotate freely by gravity, a fluid pressure line connected to supply fluid under pressure to said cylinder, valve means in said fluid pressure line having a first position to direct fluid under pressure into said fiuid pressure line, and a second position to exhaust said cylinder, brake means to momentarily arrest rotational and swinging movement of said work unit, said brake means having fluid power actuation means, a fluid pressure line connected to supply fluid under pressure to said fluid power actuation means, a control valve in said fluid line to the brake, said control valve having an actuator adapted to be operated by contact with a cam control, and a cam control member to operate said control valve, said control valve and cam control being mounted to move relative to one another corresponding to the relative movement of the work unit and base to thereby operate the control valve and brake to arrest the movement of the work unit at any selected position.

2. Brake means for a jolt roll-over machine having a base member and a jolt work unit bearinged on said base member comprising, a brake unit secured to said base member having a rotatable member, a clamp member, and means to clamp said clamp member on said rotatable member and lock said rotatable member, and torque transmission means interconnecting said rotatable member and said work unit, said torque transmission means including a longitudinal tongue-and-groove union to permit axial shifting of the work unit with respect to the brake means and transmit rotational torque.

3. In a roll-over machine having a base member and a Work unit bearinged on said base member for rotational and swinging movement, the provision of power controls for initiating. and stopping movement of the work unit comprising, rotation starter means drivingly interconnecting said base member and work unit, said rotation starter means having a limited power period sufficient only to start rotation of said work unit whereafter the work unit is released to rotate freely by gravity, a power transmission line connected to supply power to said rotation starter means, control means in said power transmission line having a first position to momentarily direct power to said rotation starter means, and a second position to release said rotation starter means from all driving and retarding forces in order that the work unit may rotate freely by gravity, and brake means separate from said rotation starter means to arrest rotational and swinging movement of said work unit at any selected position.

4. In a roll-over machine having a base member and a work unit bearinged on said base member for rotational and swinging movement, the provision of power controls for initiating and stopping movement of the work unit comprising, rotation starter means drivingly interconnecting said base member and work unit, said rotation starter means having a limited power period sufficient oniy to start rotation of said work unit whereafter the work unit is released to rotate freely by gravity, a power transmission line connected to supply power to said rotation starter means, control means in said power transmission line having a first position to momentarily direct power to said rotation starter means, and a second position to release said rotation starter means from all drivin and retarding forces in order that the work unit may rotate freely by gravity, brake means separate from said rotation starter means to arrest rotational and swinging movement of said work unit at any selected position, and means to coordinate operation of said rotation starter means to initiate operation of said starter means first and said brake means thereafter.

LESTER C. YOUNG.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 799,690 Sturtevant Sept. 19, 1905 852,494 Bryan May 7, 1907 1,447,301 Grimes Mar. 6, 1 3 1,627,348 Seeman May 3, 1927 1,638,665 Lewis Aug. 9, 1927 1,957,246 Byerlein May 1, 1934 1,981,381 Wagner Nov. 20, 1934 2,044,989 La Brie June 23, 19 5 2,145,956 Stern Feb. 7, 1939 2,174,635 Linderman Oct. 3, 1939 

